THE IMPORTANCE OF SPECIFIC
ATTRACTIONS IN TOURISM DESTINATION
IN
LOMBOK WEST NUSA TENGGARA
By: KANOM, S.Pd.
I.
Introduction
Tourism is all things that related with tourism
activity (Yoeti, 1997 : 194). Someone who had traveler, enjoy their leisure
time, recreation or visited the tourism destination called tourist. And it can
be domestic or international tourist. The existence of tourist may affect the
tourism destination included tourism attraction and it is also occurs in Lombok
Island West Nusa Tenggara province.
West Nusa Tenggara province is located in gold
triangle whereas in western Bali island, northern is Tana Toraja and in eastern
is Komodo National Park (Yuniarti T & Emi Salamah, 1993), so that it’s
potential to develop the tourism industry. West Nusa Tenggara province has
positioned the tourism industry as second pledge sector after agricultural
sector. Besides that in national scale this province as sixth tourism
destination after Bali, Jakarta, North Sumatera, Yogyakarta, and Batam.
In generally, one of the purposes in developing
tourism industry in West Nusa Tenggara is to increase the continuity forms of
traditional culture, art expression, the valuable history places and cultural.
Because of the main motivation of tourists come to a tourism area or to other place
is to get knowledge, increase their experience passing the culture, tradition,
and daily activities of other societies (De Cuellar, 1996:56).
Lombok Island is located east of Bali Indonesia and
can be easily accessed by air or sea. Lombok is one of the popular tourist
destinations in Indonesia and attracts travelers from all across the globe.
Lombok, an integral part of the Lesser Sunda Islands is situated in the
province of West Nusa Tenggara an a series of small islands in the Indonesian
archipelago. West Nusa Tenggara spread into two islands Lombok and
Sumbawa. Lombok spans 90km from north to south and 80km from east to west.
It boasts untouched, pristine beaches, a bigger volcano, Mount Rinjani, and a
huge variety of different landscapes and sceneries. The island of Lombok offers
the most complete escape from the hustle and the bustle of towns. Tourist
activity is confined to Senggigi, Kuta Lombok, and Gili islands, but even these
places are low key compared with most part of Bali. The rest of the island is
ripe for exploration.
The development of tourism industry in Lombok by
juridical began since 1989 with the decree of governor West Nusa Tenggara
province number: 2 in 1989, specify that there are 15 tourism area in West Nusa
Tenggara divided into 2 island which are 9 area (tourism destination) in Lombok
island such as Senggigi, Gile Gede, Suranadi, Kuta, Selung Belanak, Sade
(Rambitan), Gili Indah, Rinjani Mount, and Gili Sulat. While there are 6 area
(tourism object) in Sumbawa island (Dwi Sudarsono & friends, 1999: 4).
From the illustration above the specific attractions
in the tourism destination is important thing especially in developing
sustainable tourism in a tourism destination in as Lombok island of West Nusa
Tenggara Province.
II.
Discussion
Tourism provides a major economic development
opportunity for many countries and a means of improving the livelihoods of its
residents. Both the public and private sectors involved in tourism depend on
planning to achieve sustainable tourism development that respects the local
community, creates appropriate employment, maintains the natural environment,
and delivers a quality visitor experience. However, many tourism destinations
have pursued development without proper planning and without considering the
many impacts such development will bring to the community.
This session will discuss the importance of specific
attraction in tourism destination and tourism planning approaches to achieve
the goals and objectives of tourism development for a destination. For the
purposes of discussion, a tourism destination can mean an entire country, a
region, an island, a resort area, or a single project. The tourism plan is
generally a formal document to guide both public sector and private sector
development activities. Destination planning includes many different forms of
planning such as economic development planning, land use planning,
infrastructure planning, and social services planning and involves many groups
with different perspectives including governments, Private investors and
developers, and local communities. beside that, In tourism destination it also
tourism attraction.
Tourist attractions can be conceptualized in many
ways. They are often defined as elements with a pulling power or magnetism
which attracts visitors (Lew 1987: 554; Gunn 1988: 37, 46). According to Lew
(1987: 554), tourist attractions consist of all the elements of a “non-home”
place, so that landscapes, activities, tourism services and experiences can all
be considered to be attractions. It is important, however, to note that a
tourist attraction in itself does not draw tourists in or have any inherent
pulling power but that the image of attractiveness is created by the tourists
(see Leiper 1990: 368–369). It depends on the tourists’ interests and
preferences as to which elements are perceived as tempting. Consequently,
tourists themselves have a role in the production of a tourist attraction. It
is for this reason that a tourist attraction is often understood as a system
which consists of various components, the tourist being one of them.
Mac-Cannell (1976: 109), for example, approaches attractions through a
relationship between a tourist, a sight and a marker, i.e. any information that
refers to the sight. Besides that, there also tourism product in a tourism
destination.
In this case, Kotler and fox (1985: 221) has given
limited about this tourism product, they said, “ a product is anything that can
be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that
might satisfy a needs and want. It includes physical object, program, services,
person, place, organizations and idea. Other names for a product would be
offer, value package or benefit bundle.
If we talk about the relationship between product
concept with tourism, Jefries (1971 : 4
) said “ most destinations offer scenery, folklore, monuments, sport, etc and
these may be regarded as new materials
to be developed in quite different ways in answer to the need in quite
different markets. In other words, they could be made up into distinct tourism
product and are, therefore, not in themselves the product. Therefore, that if
we know it all as the weakness or the potentials to develop it, and the
potentials can we manage all as a product or other.
In Lombok Island there are many tourism attractions,
which are spread in around of Lombok Island especially in tourism destination
as such cultural attractions, beach, tracking, waterfall, and many others.
Eventhough Lombok may not be as well known as its neighbor Bali, but
this might actually be an advantage, it gives the chance to enjoy its splendors
up close and personally. Lombok has a so much for you to see and
experience. It all ranges from the deep blue seas to the unique blending
of Islamic and Hindu cultures to the cool waterfalls in green mountain glens to
the challenging climb up Mt. Rinjani. We can find it all here on Lombok
Island.
ü
Lombok Beaches
Lombok has many gorgeous beaches such as Seger
Beach, Kuta beach, Tanjung A’an beaches, Mawun beaches, Mawi beach, Gerupuk Beach,
Ekas Bay, Senggigi beach, Sire beach and more! Come enjoy the breathtaking
crystal blue waters and untouched white sand beaches!
ü Kuta and the South Coast Lombok
Kuta beaches on Lombok's south coast is a world away
from its more famous namesake in Bali. The beaches are clean, the sand
blindingly white and the turquise ocean streches as far as eye can see, in
contrast to the traffic and congestion of Kuta Bali; Kuta Lombok is a laid back
paradise for surfers and sun seekers.
Kuta is the main town and center of tourism
development on the south coast of Lombok, a big plan on the progress this year
such the international airport and the five star Hotels such the Ritz group
will build shortly. Kuta area about one and half hours drive from Mataram or
Senggigi, Kuta and the surrounding region has gained an international
reputation for some of the beast surfing destinations in south East Asia and
considering being the best surf spot in Asia.
ü
Senggigi Beach and Resort
Senggigi is the large bay that forms the center of
Senggigi, with the main road running parade to the beach, and large resorts
occupying the space between. The beach provides picturesque views of Bali's
Agung Mountain to the west and stunning sunsets with the volacano silhouetted
on the horizon.
The resort area about 10 Kilometers north of
Ampenan, and about 20 minutes drive from the Lombok international Airport.
Nowhere near as large or as busy as its Bali conterparts, Senggigi is a great
base for exploring the rest of the island. The pace is very laid back, with
activities centered around the beaches and day trips to places of interest,
which are all with in few hours drive from the town. At night dine in the many
restaurants catering to all tastest and budgets, listen the live music at the
cafes or Bars or dance the night away at the night clubs.
ü
The Gili Islands
Off the North West coast of Lombok, about 20 km
north of Senggigi, you can find the famous trio of islands known as “THE
GILIS”: GILI AIR, GILI MENO, and GILI TRAWANGAN. All have spectacular white
sandy beaches, sparkling blue waters and are encircled by beautiful Coral Reefs
containing very rare blue coral and thousands of species of marine life.
Snorkellers and divers flock to these islands to indulge in an underwater
fantasy.
Off the south west coast of Lombok (Sekotong Area),
about one hour drive from Mataram, the capital city of West Nusa Tenggara, you
can find some other Gili Islands such Gili Nanggu, Gili Sudak, Gili Tangkong
and Gili Gede. There are a lot of small islands in this area. All of these
islands have beautiful under water marine life, clear, white sand and gorgeous
beaches. They are ideal places for sunbathing, snorkeling, feeding fish and of
course, peacefully relaxing!
Gili Islands is one of the finest Tourist Attractions in Lombok. The
three Gili Islands are the best for backpackers. Indulge in relaxed and
laid-back charm at these islands. With numerous beachfront cafes mixing reggae
and offering banana pancakes, Gili Islands offer you an ultimate beachfront
experience. A popular destination, the Gili Islands offer the best facilities
to the tourists. Travelers throng the Gili Islands to indulge in a snorkeling
and diving experience. Gili Trawangan is the best amongst the Gili Islands. The
Gili Trawangan offers a plethora of backpacker options. It also has for you a
resort with a swish setting
(http://travel.mapsofworld.com/indonesia/lombok-tourist-attractions/).
ü
Lombok Mountain Trekking
Standing at the majestic 3726 m, Rinjani
Mountain is the second highest peak in Indonesia. For the people of
Lombok, Sasak and Balinese alike, this mountain is a sacred place where, at the
summit, the holy Gods live. To climb such an impressive mountain is
unforgettable experience.
ü
Mount Rinjani
Mt. Rinjani is the second highest peak in Indonesia
standing at majestic 3726 meters, part of the celebrated ”ring of fire”. The
dramatic landscape has been created over a millions of years of cone-building,
violent explosions, and erosion. Forested slopes rising directly from the sea
create their own weather pattern and act as water – collectors for the whole
Lombok.
Mt Rinjani, Lombok's famous volcano, has been
attracting thousands of trekkers and climbers annually. The huge crater near
the top contains a beautiful lake, Danau Segara Anak ( Child Of the Sea Lake )
and a smaller volcanic cone called Gunung Baru Jari which was formed a couple
of hundred years ago. There are number of caves, small waterfalls and hot
springs located around the volcano.
In 2004 Rinjani won the world legacy award and the
volcano is recognized internationally as an important eco - tourism
destination. And the last erupted is on 22 and 23 November 2010, the eruption
was not huge and not impacting to trekkers or villagers around the volcano.
The are many tourism attractions in Lombok besides
as mention above, however it is need to be in good management in order to it is
might be develop well. It is can be manage as specific attraction in tourism
destinations, as such every tourism destination in around Lombok are should be
different attraction than other tourism destination. It means in a tourism
destination it consist only with potential attraction appropriate with its
condition as in tourism destination in Kuta Central Lombok, the potential
tourism attraction in this area such as cultural tourism attraction beside
beach and marine tourism attraction because it’s appropriate with potential
tourism attraction in this tourism destination.
Specific attraction in the tourism destination is
very important, to avoid over crowded in a tourism destination because if in a
tourism destination there are many tourism attraction can affect to other
tourism. It means in a tourism destination over crowded however in other
tourism destination there no activity because it is probably quit and therefore,
the specific attraction in the tourism destination is important.
The importance of specific attraction in the tourism
destination also may supporting within developing sustainable tourism
especially in Lombok, because Lombok is a small island in order to it need to
develop the tourism destination by sustainable tourism concept.
III.
Conclusion
Tourism destination is depending on tourism
attraction, if there is no tourism attraction it is also no tourism
destination. There are many attractions and tourism interests which influence
people decision to travel. Depending on one’s particular taste in adventure,
there are many options to tourism and attractions that one can enjoy,
discovering what and where are the questions that people commonly search for
when seeking an educational and exciting vacation.
People
enjoy the experience of traveling, and discovering new things, they like
experiencing travel, attractions and tourism. People love to get out of their
daily routine and do something exciting and out of the ordinary. There are
many, many attractions and tourism activities worldwide that draw million of
people to travel and take in a new fascinating experience.
Some
tourism attractions include boating or sailing, hiking, fishing, water
activities, horseback riding, uncovering the mystery behind ancient foundations
and architecture. Traveling and experiences tourism attractions are one of the
main reasons why people travel. It's exciting to learn something new and enjoy
a new experience while visiting tourism attractions around the world.
Therefore, tourism attraction is very important in a
tourism destination to supporting the existence of it, as such in Lombok Island.
However, because of Lombok is small island and there are nine tourism
destinations in order to its need specific attraction in every tourism
destinations. Specific attraction need to supporting to developing sustainable
tourism. Besides that, Specific attraction in the tourism destination is very
important, to avoid over crowded in a tourism destination.
IV.
Reference
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Mataram : Dinas Kebudayaan Dan Pariwisata
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Soekadijo,
2000. Anatomi Pariwisata: Memahami Pariwisata sebagai
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Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Sudarsono, Dwi and Friends. 1999. Dari Pelestarian Hingga
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Mataram: Yayasan Koslata.
Yoety,
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Jakarta : PT. Perca.
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